Cheilitis is inflammation of the lips. This inflammation may include perioral skin (the skin around the mouth), vermilion border, and/or labial mucosa. The skin and border of vermilion are more often involved, because the mucosa is less affected by inflammatory and allergic reactions.
This is a generic term, and there are many recognized types and causes. Cheilitis can be acute or chronic. Most cheilitis is caused by exogenous factors such as drought (chapping) and acute sun exposure. The patch test can identify allergens that cause cheilitis.
Video Cheilitis
Cracked lips
Cracked lips (also cheilitis simplex or common cheilitis ) are characterized by cracking, fissuring, and flaking of the lips skin, and are one of the most common from cheilitis. While both lips may be affected, the lower lip is the most common site. There may also be arson or the formation of painful cracks when the lips are stretched. If chronic, simplex cheilitis can develop into crust and bleeding.
The habit of licking lips, biting, or rubbing is often involved. Paradoxically, persistent licking of the lips causes dryness and irritation, and eventually the mucosa ruptures or cracks. Lips have a greater tendency to dry out in cold and dry weather. Digestive enzymes present in saliva can also irritate the lips, and evaporation of water in the saliva moisturizes moisture from them.
Some children have a habit of sucking and chewing the lower lip, resulting in a combination of cheilitis and periorum erythema that are firmly bounded (redness).
Treatment is usually successful with a barrier lubricant, such as lip ointment or Vaseline. Lankolin medical grade (USP) accelerates lips repair, and is used in some lip repair products.
Sometimes the term "cheilitis simplex" is used as a synonym for cheilitis in general; however, exfoliative cheilitis (discussed later) is sometimes also expressed equivalent to chapped lips.
Maps Cheilitis
Actinic cheilitis
Also called "solar cheilosis", this condition is the result of chronic excessive exposure of ultraviolet radiation in the sun. Usually occurs on the lower lip, which is dry, scaly, and grayish-white. This is especially common in people with mild skin types who live in sunny climates ( eg, , Australians of European descent), and in people who spend much time outside the home. There is a small risk that this condition can progress to long-term squamous cell carcinoma, but lip cancer is usually noticed early on and therefore has a good prognosis compared to oral cancer in general.
Angular cheilitis
Angular cheilitis (angular stomatitis) is an inflammation of one or both angles (corners) of the mouth. This is a fairly common condition, and often affects the elderly.
There are many possible causes, including nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B, folate), contact allergies, infection ( Candida albicans , Staphylococcus aureus or? -hemolytic streptococci) and edentulism (often with overclosure of mouth and stomatitis related denture simultaneously), and others.
Eczematous cheilitis
Also called "lip dermatitis", eczematous cheilitis is a diverse group of disorders that often have unknown causes. Reports of chronic eczematous reactions for most cases of chronic cheilitis.
It is divided into endogenous (because of its inherent characteristics), and exogenous (where it is caused by external agents). The main cause of endogenous eczematous cheilitis is atopic cheilitis (atopic dermatitis), and the main cause of exogenous ecilematous cheilitis is the contact of cheilitis irritation ( for example, caused by lip-licking habits) and allergic contact cheilitis. The latter is characterized by drought, fissuring, edema, and hardening of the skin. It affects women more often than men, in a ratio of about 9: 1.
The commonest cause of allergic contact cheilitis is the cosmetic lip, including lipstick and lip balm, followed by toothpaste. Allergic lipstick can be difficult to diagnose in some cases because it is possible that cheilitis can develop without people even wearing lipstick. Conversely, a small exposure such as kissing someone who wears lipstick is enough to cause the condition.
Allergies to Balsam Peru can manifest as cheilitis. Allergies to metals, wood, or other components can cause cheilitis reactions in musicians, especially woodwind and brass instrument players, for example. , called "clarinetic cheilitis", or "flutist flutist". "Pigmented contact cheilitis" is one type of cheilitis allergy in which the brown-black discoloration of the lips develops. The patch test is used to identify the substance that triggers the allergic contact of cheilitis.
Infectious cheilitis
Infectious cheilitis refers to cheilitis caused by infectious diseases. The terms "Candidal cheilitis" and "bacterial cheilitis" are sometimes used, which indicate the involvement of Candida organisms and bacterial species. The term "cheilocandidiasis" describes an exfoliative lesion (peeling) the lips and skin around the lips, and is caused by superficial candida infections due to licking of chronic lips. Impetigo (caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureus ), may manifest as appearance as exfoliative cheilitis.
Herpes labialis (cold sore) is a common cause of cheilitis infection. Lesions caused by recurrences of latent latent herpes infection may occur in the corner of the mouth, and are misinterpreted as other causes of angular cheilitis. This is actually herpes labialis, and is sometimes called "angular herpes simplex".
Granulomatous cheilitis
Orofacial granulomatosis is enlarged lips due to the formation of non-kase granulomatous inflammation, which inhibits lymphatic drainage of orofacial soft tissue, causing lymphedema. Basically, granulomatous cheilitis refers to the swelling of the lips accompanying this condition. "Median cheilitis" can be seen, which is cracked in the midline of the lips due to enlargement of the lips. Angular cheilitis may also be associated with orofacial granulomatosis.
Related conditions are Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, facial paralysis triad, chronic lip edema, and cracked tongue. "Miescher's cheilitis", and "granulomatous macrocheilitis", is a synonym of granulomatous cheilitis.
Common causes of drug-related cheilitis include Etretinate, Indinavir, Protease inhibitors, Vitamin A and Isotretinoin (retinoid drugs). Uncommon causes include Atorvastatin, Busulphan, Clofazimine, Clomipramine, Cyancobalamin, Gold, Methyldopa, Psoralens, Streptomycin, Sulfasalazine and Tetracycline. A condition called "drug-induced ulcers from the lips" is described as being characterized by pain or well-defined wounds from the lips without induration. This is the result of oral administration, and this condition will be lost when the drug is stopped.
Exfoliative cheilitis
Also called "cheilitis exfoliativa" or "tic de levres", is a rare inflammatory condition in the vermilion zone of the lips, which is painful and crusty. There is continuous production and desquamation (shedding) of thick, keratin brown scale. The keratin layer of the lip epidermis grows and the mortality rate is faster than normal and desquamates. When the scales are removed, the normally exposed lips are revealed below, although there may be associated erythema and edema. This condition has not been associated with a particular cause. Infection is rarely to blame. In some individuals, there is a connection with stress, anxiety, depression or personality disorder. In one report, 87% of individuals had some form of psychiatric disorder, and 47% had thyroid dysfunction, which in turn can lead to psychiatric conditions such as depression.
Some cases of exfoliative cheilitis are thought to represent apparent damage, called "artificial cheilitis" or "artifactual cheilitis", and are associated with repetitive picking or licking habits. It appears as a hardening of the skin and ulceration caused by repeated chewing and sucking on the lips. Some people consider the habit of licking the lips or choosing to become a nervous tic form. This habit is sometimes called perlÃÆ'¨che (derived from the French word pourlÃÆ'¨cher meaning "licking one's lips"). Artificial cheilitis is significantly more common in young women.
Exfoliative cheilitis is also associated with HIV/AIDS. Management consists mostly of keeping the lips moist and topical corticosteroid applications ranging from hydrocortisone to clobetasol. There are also reports using topical tacrolimus ointment.
Cheilitis glandularis
This is a rare inflammatory condition of the small salivary glands, usually on the lower lip, which looks swollen and protruding. There may also be ulcerations, crusts, abscesses, and sinus tracts. This is a nuisance, but the cause is uncertain. Predictable causes include sunlight, tobacco, syphilis, poor oral hygiene and genetic factors. The opening of the small salivary gland channel becomes inflamed and widened, and there may be mucopurulent mucus from the ducts. The preceding classification suggests dividing cheilitis into 3 types based on severity, with subsequent steps involving secondary infection with bacteria, and increased ulceration, pus and swelling: Type 1, Simple; Type 2, superficial suppurative ("Baelz disease"); and Type 3, Deep suppurative ("epilepsyetose glandularis cheilitis"). Cheilitis glandularis usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly men, and carries the risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (18% to 35%). Preventive treatments such as vermilionectomy ("lip shave") are the treatment of choice.
Plasma cell cheilitis
The cell plasma of cheilitis is a very rare presentation of a condition more common in gingiva (called "gingivitis cell plasma") or sometimes the tongue. The cell plasma of cheilitis appears as a clearly defined, infiltrated red plaque, with shallow lacquer-like glass. Cheek plasma cells usually involve the lower lip. Lips appear dry, atrophy and cracked. Angular cheilitis is sometimes present.
Other causes
- Lupus erythematosus, sometimes called "lupus cheilitis".
- Crohn's disease (angular cheilitis).
- "Nutritional Cheilitis", e.g. pyridoxine deficiency (vitamin B6).
- Lichen planus.
- Pemphigoid.
- Xerostomia.
References
External links
Media related to Cheilitis in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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