darkroom is a workshop used by photographers working with photographic film to create prints and perform other related tasks. This is a room that can be made completely dark to allow for the processing of light-sensitive photographic materials, including film and photo paper. Various equipment is used in dark rooms, including magnifiers, baths containing chemicals, and running water.
Darkrooms have been used since the beginning of photography in the early 19th century. Darkrooms have a variety of manifestations, ranging from the elaborate space used by Ansel Adams to an ambulance car re-created by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. From the early development of the film to the creation of the mold, the darkroom process allows full control over the medium.
Due to the popularity of color photography and the complexity of color film processing ( see C-41 process) and color photo printing and also increase, first Polaroid technology and then digital photography, dark spaces are diminishing. popularity, though still commonplace in college, school, and in the studio are many professional photographers.
Other applications of dark spaces include use in nondestructive testing, such as examination of magnetic particles.
Video Darkroom
Peralatan Darkroom
In most dark spaces, magnifiers, optical devices similar to slide projectors, which project light through a negative image to the base, control the focus, intensity, and duration of light subtly, used for graphic arts. A piece of photographic paper is exposed to light that comes through negativity (photography), producing a positive version of the image on paper.
When making black-and-white prints, safelight is usually used to illuminate the work area. Since most black-and-white papers are sensitive to only blue, or blue and green light, red or yellow light can be used safely without exposing the paper.
Colored printed paper, sensitive to all visible parts of the spectrum, must be kept in complete darkness until the mold is properly repaired.
Another use for dark rooms is to load incoming and outgoing cameras, development spools, or movie holders, which require total darkness. Not having a dark room, the photographer can use a changed bag, which is a small sleeve with sleeved sleeve designed specifically for light-resistant and used for preparing movies before exposure or expansion.
Print process
During exposure, the values ​​in the image can be adjusted, most often by "dodging" (reducing the amount of light to a particular area of ​​an image by selectively blocking light for it for part or all of the exposure time) and/or "combustion" (giving exposure additions to a particular area of ​​an image by exposing just that while blocking the light to another). Filters, usually thin pieces of colored plastic, can be used to increase or decrease image contrast (the difference between dark tones and light tones). One method of printing photography, called "split filter printing," is where photographers specify two separate exposure times using two separate filters (usually 0 or 00, and 5) to create a single print. This method allows photographers to achieve a wide range of colors, with detailed highlights and rich blacks. After exposure, photographic print paper (which still looks empty) is ready for processing.
Photographers generally start printing film rolls by making their negative prints to use as a quick reference to decide which ones to zoom. Some large-format photographers, such as Edward Weston, only make large contact prints (4x5 ", 5x7", 8x10 "or larger) negatives.
Exposed paper is processed, first with immersion in the photographic developer, stops developments with shower stops, and fixes in a photographic fixer. The mold is then washed to remove processed and dried chemicals. There are various other additional steps that photographers may take, such as toning.
Maps Darkroom
See also
- Photography plates
- Studio photography
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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