Velvet is a type of woven cloth in which the yarn is cut uniformly spread, with a short thick stack, giving it a distinctively soft feel. By extension, the word velvet means "smooth as velvet." Velvet can be made from synthetic or natural fibers.
Video Velvet
Construction and composition
Velvet is woven on a special loom that weaves two material thicknesses at the same time. The two pieces are then cut to create a stack effect, and two lengths of cloth are wrapped around a separate take-up roll. This complicated process means that velvet is expensive to make before an industrial electric loom is available, and the well-made velvet remains a pretty expensive fabric. Velvet is difficult to clean because of the pile, but modern dry cleaning methods make cleaning more feasible. Velvet piles are made with vertical coils or yarns and velvet piles are made by feed yarn or filler yarn.
Velvet can be made from several types of fiber, traditionally, the most expensive is silk. Most of the velvet sold today as "velvet silk" is actually a mixture of rayon and silk. Velvet made entirely of silk is rare and usually has a market price of several hundred US dollars per yard. Cotton is also used to make velvet, although this often results in less luxurious fabrics. Velvet can also be made of fibers such as linen, mohair, and wool. Fabrics made by Cubans from the Democratic Republic of Congo from raffia are often referred to as "Cuban velvet". Recently, synthetic velvet has been developed, mostly from polyester, nylon, viscose, acetate, and from a mixture of either a different synthetic or from a combination of synthetic and natural fibers (eg viscose mixed with silk produces a very soft and reflective fabric). A small percentage of spandex is sometimes added to give the final ingredient a certain amount of stretching (hence the "velvet stretch").
Maps Velvet
History
Due to its unusual softness and appearance and the high cost of production, velvet is often associated with nobility. Velvet was introduced to Baghdad during the reign of Harun al-Rashid by Kashmir merchants and to Al-Andalus by Ziryab. In the Mamluk era, Cairo is the largest velvet producer in the world. Most of it was exported to Venice (from where it spread to most of Europe), Iberia, and the Mali Empire. Musa I of Mali, ruler of the Mali Empire, visited Cairo on a pilgrimage to Mecca. Many Arab velvet makers accompanied him back to Timbuktu. Ibn Battuta later mentions how Suleyman (mansa), the ruler of Mali, wore a red velvet caftan produced locally on Eid al-Fitr. During the reign of Mehmed II, the assistant chef wore a blue dress ( ca  ¢ me-kebÃÆ'  »d ), conical hat ( kÃÆ'¼lÃÆ'  ¢ h ) and loose pants ( ÃÆ'§atimus ) is made of Stock velvet.
King Richard II of England directed his will that his body should wear velveto in 1399.
Entries from EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica Eleventh Edition ( 1911)
This article incorporates text from publications now in the public domain: Ã, Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Velvet". EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica . 27 (issue 11). Cambridge University Press.
- Velvet in EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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