Asian Studies refers to any or all of the magic types performed in Asia.
Video Asian witchcraft
Middle East
Ancient Near East
The belief in witchcraft and practice seems to have expanded in the past. Both in ancient Egypt and in Babylonia it plays a striking part, as the records that it clearly shows. This would be enough to quote the short passage of the Code of Hammurabi (c. 2000 BC). It's there prescribed,
- If a man has put a spell on another man and that is not justified, the one upon whom the spell is placed will go to the sacred river; to the holy river will he plunge. If the sacred river prevails and he is drowned, the person who puts the spell will take over his home. If the sacred river declares him innocent and he remains uninjured, the man who puts the spell should be put to death. He who falls into a river must have a house that gives a spell to him.
The Hebrew Bible
In the Hebrew references to magic it often happens, and the harsh curse of practices as we read there does not seem to be based so much on fraudulent assumptions as in the "abominations" of belief in magic itself.
Verses such as Deuteronomy 18: 11-12 and Exodus 22:18 "You have not suffered witches to live" provided biblical justification for early Christian hunters of witches (see the Christian view of witchcraft). The word "witch" is a translation of the Hebrew kashaph , "witch". The Bible provides some evidence that these commandments were enforced under the Hebrew kings:
"And Saul disguised himself, and put on other clothes, and he went, and two men with him, and they came to her at night: and he said, I pray thee, divine unto me by familiar spirits, and bring me him, which shall I have given you a name. "And the woman said to him," Look, you know what Saul has done, how he has cut off those who have known spirits, and wizards, out of the ground: therefore lie down for my life, to make me die? "(Hebrew verb" Hichrit "(?????) translated into King James as" cut ", can also be translated as" killing wholesalers "or" destroying "
New Testament
The New Testament condemns such practices as abominations, like the Old Testament (Galatians 5:20, compared with Revelation 21: 8, 22:15, and Acts 8: 9; 13: 6).
But there is some debate as to whether the word used in Galatians and Revelations, Pharmakeia , is correctly translated as "magic", since the word is commonly used to describe the use of dangerous drugs such as toxins, contraceptives, and abortifacients.
Islam
Divination and Magic in Islam encompasses various practices, including black magic, warding off evil eyes, the production of amulets and other magical tools, magic, sweepstakes, astrology, and physiognomy.
Muslims, followers of Islam, usually believe in the existence of magic, and explicitly prohibit its practice (Magic). Magic is translated as black magic or magic from Arabic. The most famous reference to magic in Islam is Sura Al-Falaq (meaning dawn or dawn), which is a prayer to ward off black magic.
Say: I take refuge in God of Dawn From the delusions of creatures; From Darkness's mischief when it spreads; From the delusions of those practicing secret art; And from the jealous of jealous people as he practices jealousy. (Quran 113: 1-5, translation by Yusuf Ali)
Many Muslims believe that shabib haque teaches magic to humanity:
And they follow what the devil wrongly accuses against the kingdom of Solomon. Solomon did not believe; but the demons do not believe, teaches human magic and what is revealed to the two angels in Babylon, Harut and Marut. Neither did they (the two angels) teach it to anyone until they said: We are only temptations, for it is not kafir (in the guidance of Allah). And from these two (angels) one learns that they cause division between man and wife; but they wounded so that no one survived because of God's leave. And they learn what endangers them and do not benefit them. And surely they know that he who trades there will have no (pleasant) part in the afterlife; and of course evil is the price they sell their souls, if they know. (Qur'an 2: 102)
However, while performing miracles in Islamic thought and belief is reserved only for the Apostles (al-RusulÃ, â € "Prophets who came with the New Revealed Text) and the Prophet (al-Anbiyaa - the Prophets who came to continue the special law and Revelation from previous Messenger); supernatural action is also believed to be performed by Awliyaa - which is achieved spiritually, through the Ma'rifah - and referred to as Karaamaat (extraordinary action). The distrust of the miracles of the Prophets is considered an act of unbelief; believe in the miracles of every godly individual who is given not. It is not regarded as magic, but as a sign of God in the hands of those close to him by his will and alone.
Muslim practitioners generally seek the help of jinn in magic (single - jinni). It is a common belief that jinn can have humans, thus requiring exorcisms. (It should be noted that the beliefs of the jinn in general are part of Muslim faith.Imam Muslim narrated the Prophet said: "Allah created the angels of light, created the jinn from the pure flame of fire, and Adam of it is explained to you (ie, clay. ) ") The difference between practicing bright and dark magic does exist. While Sihr is forbidden, the practice of light magic is seen as a rather pious act, since the magic of light uses prayers and verses from the Qur'an to achieve results "with the permission of God". An example of this is writing verses from Quran with ink on porcelain plates, washing ink with water and having a "patient" drinking a mixture of water ink. The knowledge of which Quranic verses are used in what way is what is considered "magical knowledge".
Students of religious history have attributed some magical practices in Islam to the pre-Islamic customs of Turkey and East Africa. The most prominent of this custom is the Zar Ceremony.
Judaism
Jewish law views the practice of magic as loaded with idolatry and/or necromancy; both of which are serious theological and practical violations in Judaism. According to traditional Jewish sources, it is recognized that while magic exists, it is forbidden to practice it on the grounds that it usually involves the worship of other gods. Rabbis of the Talmud also condemned magic when producing something other than illusion, giving an example of two people who used magic to choose cucumbers (Sanhedrin 67a). The person who created the illusion of picking cucumber should not be censured, only the person who actually takes the cucumber through magic. However, some Rabbis do their own "magic". For example, Rabbah creates a person and sends him to Rabbi Zera, and Rabbi Hanina and Rabi Oshaia every Sabbath night learn together and create a little calf to eat (Sanhedrin 65b). In these cases, "magic" is seen more as a divine miracle (ie, coming from God than pagan deities) rather than as a witch.
Maps Asian witchcraft
India
Supernatural beliefs are strong in certain parts of India, and the death penalty for witchcraft is reported in the press from time to time. According to the Indian National Crime Bureau, at least 2100 wizarded suspects (known as dayan ) were murdered between 2000 and 2012. It is believed that on average more than 150 women per year were killed by witches accused, concentrated in central India. Murder is commonly done by burning, hacking or beating to death, often preceded by ritual insults, such as being stripped naked, smeared with dirt and forced to eat dirt. For those accused of being murderers who are not killed, almost all suffer from permanent exclusion or expulsion and their families face social stigma.
Japanese
In Japanese folklore, witches can usually be separated into two categories: those who employ snakes as familiar, and those who employ foxes.
Fox Entrepreneurs
The fox witch is the most commonly seen wizard in Japan. Regional confidence differences govern those who use foxes into two separate types: kitsune-tsukai , and kitsune-mochi .
The first, kitsune-tsukai , makes the fox familiar with bribing it with his favorite food. The kitsune-tsukai then strikes a deal with foxes, usually promising food and daily groceries in exchange for magical fox services. The fox folklore of Japan is a powerful con artist, imbued with the power of change of form, possession, and illusion. These creatures can be evil; disguise themselves as women to trap men, or they can become benign forces as in the story of 'The Grateful Foxes'. However, once a fox enters a human's work it is almost exclusively a force of evil to be feared.
A fox employed by a human can provide him with many services. The fox can turn invisible and set out to discover secrets and still retain many illusions whose master will often be used to deceive his enemies. The most feared power possessed by kitsune-tsukai is his ability to command his fox to have another human being.
In popular culture
The magical girl genre is perhaps the best known for witchcraft features, but appears freely in any work of fiction in which such supernatural powers can exist, despite the fact that such magic resembles more western magic than its oriental counterpart. The antagonist of evil magicians, born of the concept of European wizards, is popular; However, their strength rarely comes from the devil worship.
Korean
Trying to influence others through a spell in the Joseon Dynasty was widely criticized by the royal palace. When he discovered that Empress Hwi had used magic on the crown prince, King Sejong the Great described him as an 'evil monster' (hwa: ?? ) and drove him from palace.
Central Asia
Magic is a feature of traditional mythology in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan that has been documented since the 16th century. It is believed that once a human being dies his soul is owned by a magician who kills them.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments